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76 mm divisional gun M1902
The 76-мм дивизионная пушка образца 1902 года or 76 mm divisional gun M1902 was a Russian light field gun used in the Russo-Japanese War, World War I, Russian Civil War and a number of interwar armed conflicts with participants from the former Russian Empire (Soviet Union, Poland, Finland, Estonia, etc.). Modernized versions of this gun were employed at the early stage of World War II.
The design can be traced back to the Russian General Engelhard and the engineer Baranowsky with the first sample, called Model 1900. This gun with a short barrel recoil was not convincing. This design was improved in 1901, particularly in the area of the upper mount. Here, the barrel return was based on the principles of the new German 7.7 cm Feldkanone 96 n. A. with a hydropneumatic brake cylinder for damping the return stroke and a spring cylinder for the forward stroke. From 1903, the gun was equipped with a protective shield and an all-round telescopic sight, then designated the 1902/03 model. During the First World War, there were no further developments worth mentioning.
The gun was used by the Tsarist army on all fronts of the First World War and proved to be on par with most European comparative guns. The guns were characterized by the highest initial velocity of all field guns introduced at the time, as well as the relatively low elevation capability, which resulted in a flat impact angle of the projectiles and thus a wide dispersion of the fragments of the predominantly used shrapnel ammunition. After the end of the war, 179 guns remained in Finland and were adopted by the Finnish army as a standard gun with the designation 76/K 02, overhauled by the gun manufacturer Tampella between 1939 and 1940 and used in the Finnish-Soviet Winter War. The guns remaining in the Red Army of the USSR had their range increased from the 1930s by lengthening the barrel and increasing the elevation angle and were used as the 76 mm divisional gun M1902/30 in the Second World War.
Specifications
(1903 – 1931)
- Type: Field gun
- Place of origin: Russian Empire, USSR
- Produced: 1903-1931
- Mass: combat: 1,092 kg
- Barrel length: 2.28 m (7 ft 6 in) 30 calibers
- Shell: Fixed QF 76.2x385 mm R
- Shell weight: 7.5 kg (17 lb)
- Caliber: 76.2 mm (3 in)
- Breech: Interrupted screw
- Carriage: Pole trail
- Elevation: -3° to 17°
- Traverse: 5°
- Rate of fire: 10-12 rpm
- Muzzle velocity: 589 m/s (1,930 ft/s)
- Maximum firing range: 8.5 km (5.28 mi)
The 76 mm divisional gun M1902 and variants can be seen in the following films, television series, video games, and anime used by the following actors:
Film
Television
| Title | Actor | Character | Notes / Episode | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fiery Roads (Ognennye dorogi) - Film 4 | 1985 | |||
| The Life of Klim Samgin (Zhizn Klima Samgina) | 1988 | |||
| And Quiet Flows the Don (Tikhiy Don) | 2006 | |||
| Rasputin | 2011 | |||
| And Quiet Flows the Don (Tikhiy Don) | 2015 | |||
| Trotsky | 2017 | |||
| The Kitchenblock | 2021 |
Video Games
| Title | Appears as | Mods | Notes | Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Battlefield: 1918 | 2004 | |||
| Battle of Empires: 1914-1918 | 2015 | |||
| Battlefield 1 | 2016 | |||
| Tannenberg | 2019 | |||
| Land of War: The Beginning | 2021 |